Double-deck car.



1,217,174. Patented Feb.27.1917.

a :nein-suur' l.

F; HEoLEY-i 1. s. poYLE; l

DOUBLE DECK GMI. rrucmmi msn mn'z. m.

1 ,2l-7,174, .Pataantedl Feb. 27, 1917.v

. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED s'rArEs4 rArENT OFFICE,-

FRANK HEDLEY, 0F YONKERS, AND JAMES S. DOYLE. OF MOUNT VERNON, YORK DOUBLE-DECK can.

Specification of Letters Patent,

Patented Feb- ,27, 14917.

Application filed J une 2B, 1912. Serial No. 706,320.

To all whomz't may concern.'

Be it known thatu'e, F RANK Hmmm' and J AMES S. Dormi, citizens of the United States, and, residing, respectively, at Yonkers and Mount Vernon, in the county 'of VVestchestei'-, State of New York, have made a certain new and useful Invention in Double-Deck Cars, of which the following is a specification. l

This invention relates to doubledeek cars for handling passenger traHic. The object of the invention is to provide means for increasing the facilities forfhan dling passenger traffic in crowded streets of cities andV the like,to increase the carrjing capacity of passenger cars and to secure rapid transit as Well as entrance and exit ot passengers to andfroin street cars.

A further object of the invention is to provide a double deck car which voffers the minimum alno-unt 4of time and effort of passengers in ascending to or descending from the upper deck of the car.

' A fui-ther object of the invention is to provide for the rapid and eas)T collection of fares fromentering passengers, and to reduce the time scheduled of street car operation,l While at the saine time increasing the carrying capacity of the car.

Other objects of the invention will appear vmore fully hereinafter.

The invention consists substantially in tln construction, combination, location and arrangement of parts, all as will be more fully hereinafter set .foi-th, as shown 4in the accompanying drawings. and finally pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, and to the various views and rei'erence signs appearing thereon'. y L I,

Figure 1 isa view inside eleivation parts broken out and parts in central vertical secf tion showin@ a doubledeckl car emhodviin1r 7 D b o ofthe arrows.

the principles of our invention.

Fig. V2 is a view 1n transverse section on the line 2, 2, Fig. l, looking in the direction [Fig 3 is a vView in vertical transverse section on the line 3, 3, Fig.v 1, looking in the direction of the arrows. Y.

Figjfl 1s a horizontal sectional plane View 4 on theplanes indicated b v the linel 4, 4, Fig.

`1, showinga portion of the plan 4o the up- .per as Well as a portion of lower deck of .thel car,

the plan .of the-M The saine reference numeral is employed to designate the same part Wherever it occurs throughout the several views.

The great problem of street car tj.1a.".c,`A

particularly in i congested districts 4of cities, is tosecure rapld transit with ease and' comfort to the passengers carried, while 4insuring the collection of a fare` from every.

l The addition of trailers to the present type p and construction of cars to afford carry-ing capacity for additional passengers, result-sw also in a failnre'to atta-1n rapid transit for Vthe reason that each additional trailer o r car added increases thestreet surface occupied which is not only objectionable but-also par- ,tii-ularly at street 4crossings interferes with `tratlic. causes delay',T by reason of the period'I of time consumed at the street crossin s and required to effect the crossing, thereby lock i ing vehicles passnstreets.

It is among the special objects `andA iir poses of our present invention to prov-i e a g along intersecting V construction and type of street 'cai-which increases the passenger carrying capacity.'

Without materially"increasing tliesize or weight of the car, or the operating expense for the car, and to this end ire proposeto so j employ a double/deck car designedand ntended to carry passengers "on both .decks thereof. In ,the type lof double deck cars heretofore employed, the customary entry` way for passengers boarding the car as well 4as exit ways for passengers desiring to leave th car.Y and to and from both cgrislocated either at the fron or the rear end of the cai.' or sonietinuspat both ends, with the result that great congestion Vtakes decks of the u t. 100.

place by reason of the fact that all passengers leaving the cai' must leave before entering passengers are permitted to or can enter the car; the .result is a congestion and delay of the schedule which it is exceedingly desirable to avoid. In carrying out our n-` vention we propose to employ a double deck car having a door on thelower deck at ,a

vel', that-iis; at a lSmall above street ,lev el, so as to' enable passengers directly from the street surface into .the car or from the car on to the street without em'- ploying steps for the purpose. -llVe also propose to employ' a center side entrance vinto the car at the lower deck of the car, and

Apropose, vin 'accor at a point-intermediate the length of the car, a.nd of vsuiiicient extent and area to enable passengers 'to enter and leave the .car through the side doorways thereof, atv the same time and without interfering with each other, so that passengers may enter the car and the side doors closed, ifdesired, or if necessary, before the fares ciali'the, entering passengers are collectedto the end that the fares may be .collected duringthetinie Athe car is proceeding Aon its journey andV before vthe next vstopping ointis reached. We also riduce with our invention, t'o provide a construction and arrangement of car, 'and of the lower deck thereof which provides a' wide concourse at each end of the car or at opposite sides of the c enterentrance to the-car, through which concourse passengers may distribute themselves and ``either remain on the lower deck, which is designed to be equipped and provided with convenient seats or to continue to the upper deck. We also propose to provide stairwaysv v leading-from' the lower deck to upper deck vat each end ofthe car, so that passen ers after passing the iconductorlor ticket se ler at the entry "point to the lower deck from the street, may proceed -to the end, ior' to either end, of the'car and'then up the stairway to the upper deck; We also propose to construct the roof of the lower deck so as to form the `Hoor of the upper deck section of the car and in such relation as to form archways over the concourse longitudinally through the lower deck ofthe car, .which arch portion forms orconstitutes the seating part of the upper deck of the car. On each :'--sid'e of the central arch .por-tion of the roof ofthe lower deck,.we provide lower horizontal'"ser-,tionsy directly :over the-seats of the lower deck and- Which constitute the fiom-or walkingspace for passengerszon thezupper u 1- deck. By utilizing -av low: .level =ior-for the lowerA` deck '-ofzthe- @so @thatA .passengers f-vinayv stepl directly fronr-tiie -str'eet level into the car bodywithoutfemployingside steps, and 'by' gradually elevating `or inclining tlie..

i -eorlev'el ofthe lower deck ofthe car, lso

Ahab the low leveljloorfextends over 'the end heightofthe ioo'rvgoffthel ,upper deck ofthe` car, thereby minimizingthe height tovv'hich ,passengers must climbv while ascending to or descending from theE upperjdeckg throutgh f the stiairvravsat .eachendofg the car.

of our invention, as disclosed 'in the accom- .being open and controlled by doorsshown in Nthe entry-way pinto separate' passages,

, transverselyY partial ,1acoss'f ..the,car

order' to accommodate t' tion 'to form lseat 12,'on one side. of heearg with theftable vention will be .more fully hereinafter described in vthe coperative relation and ar rangement thereof. f

Referring particularly to the enibodin'ients 7o panylng drawings, reference numeral 6, des-` ignates the entry-way located in the side and intermediate the ends of the car. In practlce we propose to employ an entry way meach side of the car, and preferably arranged opposite each other, and cach.' controlled by any suitable or conreuicut a,r-. rangement of dgors.

We have indicated the entry way as their open osition 7,' the doorway' on' the opposite si e of the carbeiug shownfaS vclosedby the door. indicated at 8. It is'blviousl that any suitable or convenient typeof door may be employed, 4thatiseither .folding, sliding, or other suitable form adapted for the purpose, and, if desired, any suitable or convenient door operating or controlling mechanism may employev for operating thedoors. l f

- Located approximatel] -at the mid 'point .of the width 'of the sidel d'orw'ay opening is a railing 9,v arranged to.;extend'transverselyipartially' across'the car body- .:and dividing 9-5. while at the same time affording a .convenient-hand grip or rail `f orthe'use of passengers while enteringor leavin the'car. each side of'eachldrw'ay is- 'o'cated' a', Al

ing 10, which)v is 'arranged also tofef and which, if 'desire a panel, the passeng'e ritryy and. 'elrit'spa being-provided betwecithe center-transver railing' 9, and the side-panelsli Theside panels 1 0, extendingltowardeach otlrefi'om l' opposite sides' of the-fear provide 'a passage- Y.

way, .indicated at 11, therebetweenfor 'p sengers to paSsinto or tower-'(11th ends the car after having paid their-'fare'on enter 11o ing, or through which passenlg'ergjdesiring to leave the-car-'I'n'iy pit desired,

conductor, .at 12.',1112011. 0.118* i 10 WMC-.3113 Ina5`=115 side-of-*therpanellpanel jwheh-'riotlrequired'for use. I With vthis arrangement a' condu toris. seated upona e raised@ rusia-yr Bof pasito passengers occu' )ying lends from the central vestibule the doorway through .which the pas- Assoon as all the passengersvdesiring to enter the car at any particular stop, or corner, attain the interior of the entry-way, the door controlling the doorway 6 is moved to closed position Whether ill of the passengers who have entered have paid their fares or not. The fares of those the space indicated "ally byre erence letter A, which for ver 'eure may be called the vestibule of car. may then be collected while the car passz-rngers sengers enter.

.ser

selves to either end of the car, as they may desire. passing through the 4passageways 11, between the side panels 10. The area of the vestibuleispace A, is snlicient to accommodatea large number of passengers so thatA passengers may be taken on board the car, the doors closed and the car started on its trip, without unnecessary d elay incident to thecollection of fares. After the passengers pay their fares and pass through the pas sages 1 1, toward one end or the other of the car, they enter the concourses indica-ted generally by reference letter B, and which extendlongitudinally of the car, toward the space A These concourses ha ve seats arranged at the sides thereof, as indicated at 14. The floor level of the lower deck constituting the Hoor "of the vestibule-V A, and the cnncourses B, is

gradually inclined upwardly from the 'vesti hule space A toward cach end of the car, as indicated-at 15, Fig. 1, and this floor level at the vestibule space -A- ispreferably at a .height above the street level, such as to pen 'mit a passenger to step from the street inte .thc car and from the car on to the street level. The low frame or level of the door of Lthe Alowerdeck is extended. over the end trucks ofthe car, as shown. This brings the level of the lbwer deck floor to a very low point and correspondingly lowers the height ot the upper leck Hoor.

" lf desired the concourses B, extending lcngthwfise oflthe car toward each end thereof. magi lbe p iovided at convenient points with vcrl'icilposts 1G, which not. only afford uuans for sun'iorting the roof of the lower dork .and tho l floor of the upper deck but also a lliriLronvenient hand grips for passengers. f.\ll,lf.:uh end of the car and at thc extreme enii ploy a stairway indicated at 18. These stairnilnisof the conrourscs B, we proposeto ways lead to the upper dock of the car. In practice we propose to employ lusingle sectont-or portlon of s talrway. the lower portion' for instance. which'terminates in pas- :ragcways or continuations of the stairways indicated Vat 1S), wh'icli lead off from the c ntral or lower portion to opposite sides of 1e upper deck of thc'car. The roof of the lower deck is preferably ari-,hul as indicated at 20,

rectly above the .thc truck wheels.

' floor. Obviously `of the floor 15, of the lowerfdeck of the low Figs. 2 and-3, the arched portion extending longitudinally of the car and directly over the concourses B. At each edge of the arched portion 2l), are hoiizontal extensions or side portions indicated at 21, theselongi--i vtudinally extending side portions 21 are 'diseats 1l, of the lower de'c'k and are sulliciently high above the. seatsas not to, interfere with the, heads, hats oi' the like of the passengers seated on the seats 14:-'75 of the lower deck. The arched port-ions Q0, of the roof of the lower deck are located directly over the concourses B and suffiicicntly high to permit )'iasseugcrs to easily and readily' occupy or 'traverse longitudi` go nall y the coneonrscs B, without interference with their heads or hats.

The arched portions 2() of the root` ofthe lower deck we propose to utilize for the acicomlnodation ,of longitudinally extending g5 Yseats 22 for the upper deck and a foot ledge G0 is arranged textend along side of cach seat 22 in front of the saule to accommodate the feet of passengers occupying the seats without interfering with passengers stand-` 9o l l l ing on the iiooringv 21. In this way the seats 22, extend longitudinally of and centrally with reference to the transverse section of the upper deck of the car. The passengers seated on the seats 29., of the upper deck 95 face outwardly toward the sides of the car andare thereby afforded a convenient place of' observation. The horizontal side por tions or extensions 21, constitute the iioo'r or foot space for the upper deck for theacco'rn`y 100 inodation of standing-passengers, or for permitting passengers to traverse the same to` reach a vacant `seat after arriving at theA ppar deck through the stairway passages ?Sfand 19. lf desired the sides of the upper deck indicated vat 24 may, for winter c ar use be incloscd by glass panels, window' frames or the like, so as to inc-lose 4the upper. deck, thereby increasing the comfort'of the passengers carried thereby, and in like manner said sides may be opened when the car is used as a suininer car. The upper deck in ay or may not have a roof thereover. We have shown a roof, however, as indicated we If desired the stairways may be equipped with a hand rail as indicated at` 26. .fl-his hand rail may include vertically extending posts 27, see Fig. 4.

At one or both ends of the car, and outside the seating space thereof, we propose to provide a cab. indicated at 29. Ordinarily the floor of the cab portion 29,isonalevel above This level indicates the l ordinary level of the ordinary street car this level is above the level level car body." The cabs 29eme designed for the use of the motorman that whether the car proceeds in one ldirection or the 1 30 al motormans cab ieprovided at the ess. (poand egress. from/.the .imotorrnansA ca 29, ma be had throughfa doorway inthe side .of t e cab, as, indidatedat130see Eig. 1. It will be observed that the level of the. .-iioor. :0f/tbe cab 29 is Y comparativel close tothe level of the doory portion 21' o the lupper deck.y In orderto ai'ord yample headroom for the motorman inthe cab 29, .the arched portion 20 ,of the 'roof of thelower deck isextended. as indicated at 3l over to form the roofof the cab portion 29. Ordinarily the floor level 21,.

of vthe upper deck is approximately breast 15V high to aperson'; ystanding -on the Hoor 'of f cab portion 29. This indicates the'e'xceeding'ly. low heightttained bythe particular construction and arrangement of a car as above s et forth,

lFrom the foregoingdescription it will be seen that we provide a construction of car `.w.hichvv avoids delays in the schedule of oper- .ation-and permits the at inment of rapid transit and provides for the convenience land 25 comfortable-handling of'large crov'vds` with- --out very-materiallyincrllg the 0st 0f const'ru ion, maintenance or o eration-of the car Insteadfpf passengers' f'unload atsonef end oi-Lthe-car directly any they'gare loaded and other,

front end of the car. `I n from '16.11" "to the street, "unloadedffat a point intermediate "tihe car vends.' The lowerideck is'uti-lized fr'loadrsfas'well as; for the gers' from the upper deck ther'exitgfrbm the car. The'V vLand unloading passengers tly decreased and Without discomfort-to passengers. because of the en lar .j i area'orspace in the vestibule portion A..' or their accnidation while. entering` or p reparn to eave' the car. One ticket agent orf ca the fare prepayment4 station in the vestilbleek, is thus enabled to handle avery much i "isi-:very

i f`1l larger number of passengers than in the or- The ticket seller or dinary styles 'of cars:

'I 55j lcashier is fixed atA one oint and the enters lif desired,`v on rthe v lower deck, remaining,A y lower deck, or proceeding to `0 0' the car'by way of the stairways 18,

' time ordinarily consumed. ascending'l the `stair-ways fs l n iatertlally ased .'be'ca'use they ascend to, oliv descend f vttheUJIper deckwhile--the ris in mofihermr the -heigh `i-n the concourse 'ceding and ent of the United btates'iszdeck, the lower deck -portlon .f opposite sides oft e upper deck. 1

deck, Athe lower deck aecoinmodation and d1s` ier at the point indicated for ingpassengers-le by him to pay their fares anddistribute themselves' to either end-of lowerdeckpoitlon by. passen- @message 'ond deck is reduced to a minimum 'and hence -siring tofleave must -descendito the lower declgibefore the signal is vente stop the car. This enables the rapi transit schedule 75 of the car to be maintained sincethere is no loss of timebetween the giving oiga signal to stopl the car and the exit-'of passengers,

since the passengers desi-ring to leave the car the lower deck ofthe car,or 8'0.' B thereofyor in oradjajcent the vestibule A, from which they. exit from the car as soon as' the doorl is open. It wil1 =1:;.,. also'be seen that access to 'a1i d ff 1"om the z upper` deck isv gained-at each end yijf the car, thus also materiell increasing thle facility 'of passengers reac ing .the upper decker descending therefrom. 2 Having vnow set forth the objectgfand 11aturel of our invention, .and a ""c'gonstruction"90er` embodying-'the princi les thereofywhat we claiin as'new and use l and of our own` in- Letters Patcongregate on vention, and desire to l'secure b y 'and a lower, Y95 h aving aside jentry way4 and a centrally disposed ron- 1. -Acar having an upper course extending longitudinally of the rar, and a stairway' located at the end 4of the concourse and havin branches vdelivering to-'(1,05

an upper and al lower; having a centersid ,entrance and'a steplessconcours'e ext'endinv llg'ltlldinally'Of the car therefrom-.811 '1051 entrance having` aioor level withina single I stepping distance from'the street level, and

a stairway located at the"end'of theV con-f course and leading to the upper deck, said stairway having branehesdelivering'to o p- 110 f 2. A car having posite` sides of the upper deck.

3. A' car having an u 'perla'nd' a lowerv deck, transversely extendlng'barriers irr the lower deck portion forming" an entryway', means to form aA side door 'for the entry'- 115 way, `a conductors stationA opposite said side door, and a stairway leading from the interior'ofthe lower deck'portion' to the-up perder.' e'

4;- A car-'having 1nnupp n and a lower 120v decktransversely -extendingzbhrriers 1n the- Y forming an entryway, havinga door ievel withini 'distance'. froml the streetsaid entryway a single Steppin Vthe interior of the lowen deck portion to the upperjdeckfonfboth' sid'nthereof,

5l A car havin anyuppenandaxhwer deck, thereof ol:4 eflower, deck trans versely 'arched forks pui-tion; I'of width level, and a-'drvi ing.stairway..leadingfrom 1251-.I

to' form a sent space for the upper d eck, 'and Ahaving 'n portmn 'extending horizontally from the lower edge of the larched vortion to form a, foot space flooring for? the ulper deck und alstepmterposed between the oot space flooring und Vsaid seat space. 6. VA car aving 'an upper und a lower deck, the roof of the lower deck being trans.-

'wersely1 n'rched a-tthe longitudinal central portion thereof and u horizontal portion ex`- tending hiternlly from euch side edge of the algched poljton, said nrcl'ledportion forming a seat space for theupper deck and the horlzonml portions 'forming the floor space for 'e eine "and the seet G. A.\MGGRATVH,' d W. ALDAIFBY; 

